The Home Inspector Herald

15 Tools Every Utah Homeowner Should Have

2010-09-23T15:13:00.003-06:00

The following items are essential tools but this list is by no means exhaustive.

1. Plunger
A clogged sink or toilet is one of the most disturbing problems that you will face. With a plunger on hand, however, you can usually remedy these troubling plumbing issues relatively quickly. It is best to have two plungers -- one for the sink and one for the toilet.

2. Combination Wrench Set
One end of a combination wrench set is open and the other end is a closed loop. Nuts and bolts are manufactured in standard and metric sizes and because both varieties are widely used, so you’ll need both sets of wrenches. For the most control and leverage, always pull the wrench toward you, instead of pushing on it. Also, avoid over-tightening.

3. Slip-Joint Pliers
Use slip-joint pliers to grab hold of a nail, a nut, a bolt, and much more. These types of pliers are versatile because of the jaws, which feature both flat and curved areas for gripping many types of objects. There is also a built-in slip-joint, which allows the user to quickly adjust the jaw size to suit most tasks.

4. Adjustable Wrench
Adjustable wrenches are somewhat awkward to use and can damage a bolt or nut if they are not handled properly. However, adjustable wrenches are ideal for situations where you need two wrenches of the same size. Screw the jaws all the way closed to avoid damaging the bolt or nut.

5. Caulking Gun
Caulking is the process of sealing up cracks and gaps in various structures and certain types of piping. Caulking can provide noise mitigation and thermal insulation, and control water penetration. Caulk should be applied only to areas that are clean and dry.

6. Flashlight
None of the tools in this list is of any use if you cannot visually inspect the situation. The problem, and solution, are apparent only with a good flashlight. A traditional two-battery flashlight is usually sufficient, as larger flashlights may be too unwieldy.

7. Tape Measure
Measuring house projects requires a tape measure, not a ruler or a yardstick. Tape measures come in many lengths, although 25 feet is best. Measure everything at least twice to ensure accuracy.

8. Hacksaw
These are great for cutting metal objects such as pipes, bolts and brackets. Hacksaws look thin and flimsy, but they’ll easily cut through even the hardest of metals. Blades are replaceable, so focus your purchase on a quality hacksaw frame.

9. Torpedo Level
Only a level can be used to determine if something, such as a shelf, appliance or picture, is correctly oriented. The torpedo-style level is unique because it not only shows when an object is perfectly horizontal or vertical, but it also has a gauge that shows when an object is at a 45-degree angle. The bubble in viewfinder must be exactly in the middle, not merely close.

10. Safety Glasses / Goggles
For all tasks involving a hammer or a power tool, you should always wear safety glasses or goggles. They should also be worn while you mix chemicals.

11. Claw Hammer
A good hammer is one of the most important tools you can own. Use it to drive and remove nails, to pry wood loose from the house, and in combination with other tools. They come in a variety of sizes, although a 16-ounce hammer is the best all-purpose choice.

12. Screwdriver Set
It is best to have four screwdrivers: a small and large version of both a flat-head and a Phillips- head screwdriver. Electrical screwdrivers are sometimes convenient, but they're no substitute. Manual screwdrivers can reach into more places and they are less likely to damage the screw.

13. Wire Cutters
Wire cutters are pliers designed to cut wires and small nails. The “side-cutting” (unlike the stronger "end-cutting" style) style is handy, but not strong enough to cut small nails.

14. Respirator / Safety Mask
While paints and other coatings have become less toxic (and lead-free) over time, most still contain dangerous chemicals, which is why you should wear a mask to avoid accidentally getting them in your lungs. A mask should also be worn when working in dusty or dirty environments. Disposable masks usually come in packs of 10 and should be thrown away after use. Full and half-face respirators can be used to prevent the inhalation of very fine particles that ordinary facemasks will not not stop.

15. Duct Tape
This tape is extremely strong and adaptable. Originally, it was widely used to make temporary repairs to many types of military equipment. Today, it’s one of the key items specified for home emergency kits because it is water-resistant and extremely sticky.

2010-09-17T16:07:00.003-06:00

According to statistics provided by the National Association of Realtors® Profile of Home Buyer and Sellers,

Homebuyers took 12 weeks to find a home;
Homebuyers saw 12 homes before finding their new home;
30% of all homebuyers are 25 to 34 years of age;
The median age for a first-time homebuyer is 30;
The median age for all homebuyers is 39;
Median age for repeat buyers is 48;
47% of all homebuyers are first-timers;
53% are repeat buyers;
1 in 5 homes purchased were of new construction;
90% of homebuyers used the Internet to find their home;
84% of REALTORS® use social media to some extent;
87% used a real estate agent to find their home;
81% of all homebuyers would use the same agent again;
77% drove by and found their new house;
61% did a walk-through online;
59% used a yard sign to find their home;
46% used an open house to find their home;
40% used a newspaper ad;
26% used a home book or magazine;
84% of buyers reported the photos to be the most useful information;
The number one action taken after viewing a home online was to drive by or visit the home; and
62% of first time buyers reported that the primary reason for buying a home was the desire to be a homeowner.

$25 off your Salt Lake City, Utah Home Inspection from Google Places

2010-07-08T11:04:00.010-06:00

Hidden Valley Property Inspection is now offering a discount for new customers.
Please click here for a link to your $25 off coupon

Don't Let Your Pet Kill You in a Car Accident

2010-07-07T11:31:00.000-06:00

Buckle up your pets in a car or truck to protect you, your pet and your passengers. If you have an accident, your pet can become a projectile. The Laws of Physics don’t stop. In a 35 mph crash a 60 pound pet becomes about 2,700 pounds of force (about the same as two full grown, male grizzly bears). Many people allow their pets to scoot around, unrestrained, in the back seat of the car or in the bed of a truck. It's safer for everyone in the vehicle if a dog or cat is restrained. A recent American Automobile Association (AAA) survey found, "A large number of accidents, something like 30,000 a year, are caused by dogs in the front seats."

5 Things That Can't Be Trashed or Recycled

2010-07-06T11:36:00.000-06:00

Wondering what to do with the cans of unneeded paint or your stash of old batteries taking up space in your house and garage? You know you shouldn't throw them out, but it really is time to get rid of them. Resist the temptation to toss them in the trash anyway. The reason: They (and everything on the list below) contain toxic chemicals capable of contaminating the environment if not disposed of properly.

Unlike items that are picked up at the curb, you'll have to make a special effort to unload these ones responsibly. But, with a little advance planning and some good info, you'll see that it's really quite simple to dispose of these seemingly mysterious items. Here's how:

* Batteries. Recycling rechargeable batteries is fairly easy. Home Depot, Staples, Radio Shack, Best Buy, and other retailers take them back free of charge. There are fewer options for single-use batteries, but look for bins at your local Whole Foods Market, Ikea, or library. Otherwise, your best bet is the local household hazardous waste drop-off site. Where is it and what are your closest drop-off options?

* CFLs. These energy-efficient bulbs are becoming easier to get rid of. Just drop old bulbs off at any Home Depot or Ikea for free recycling. Or ask about CFL recycling at your local Ace Hardware or home improvement store. You can search locally for other nearby solutions.

* Electronics. Every retailer that takes back rechargeable batteries also accepts mobile phones, as do most wireless providers. For computers, cameras, televisions and others, it's worthwhile to do a little homework because some stores charge fees depending on item and brand. Check out Best Buy, Staples, and Office Depot to see what's the best fit. Some places, like Radio Shack, have trade-in programs where you can receive store credit for your old gadgets.

* Motor Oil. In case you need some motivation, consider this: Every gallon of used motor oil that's improperly disposed of can contaminate one million gallons of drinking water. Bring it to Wal-Mart, Autozone, Jiffy Lube, or search online for more convenient choices.

* Paint. It's among the harder items in this group to dispose of, but it's worth it and totally doable. Remember, with proper planning and application, paint disposal is usually unnecessary. Buy the right amount for your project. Apply a second coat and touch up areas that need improvement. If the paint is still in good shape, consider donating it. Liquid wastes are restricted from municipal solid waste landfills – never throw away leftover liquid paints in your trash. The National Paint and Coatings Association suggests:

Latex Paint Disposal Steps

1. Unused latex paint should be poured into an absorbent material such as a cat box filler, shredded newspaper or sawdust.

2. Let it dry completely and dispose of the dried material in your regular trash.

3. In areas where recycling programs exist, save the dry, empty containers with the lids off for a steel can recycling program. Small amounts of dried residue will not hinder steel can recycling.

4. Wash your paint brushes and painting tools in the sink. Never clean your paint brushes near a storm sewer drain.

Solvent-Based Paint Disposal

Solvent-based or alkyd paints require special disposal practices. Solvent-based paints are ignitable and present particular hazards. These products should not be emptied into storm sewers, household drains (especially if you have a septic tank) or on the ground.

Disposal Steps

1. Save solvent-based paints for a household hazardous waste collection program or contact your local/state government environmental protection agency for guidance on reuse or disposal of unwanted solvent-based paint products.

2. In areas where recycling programs exist, save the dry, empty containers with the lids off for a steel can recycling program. Small amounts of dried residue will not hinder steel can recycling.

3. Clean paint brushes and painting tools with paint thinner or turpentine.

Soaker Hoses

2010-07-05T11:46:00.000-06:00

Savingwater.org says, “Soaker hoses help you save. Sprinklers waste water on overspray, runoff and evaporation. But by allowing water to seep directly into the soil, soaker hoses put water exactly where your plants need it—at the root zone. So you save…
• Time–no more moving sprinklers or hand watering in garden beds
• Money–using less water means smaller water bills
• Your Plants–they get just the right amount of water, and no spray means leaf diseases are kept in check
• Our Environment—you’re saving water and using a recycled product."

For more info click here.

Brown Spots!

2010-07-03T00:40:00.005-06:00

What Causes Brown Spots?

Brown spots can be caused by a number of factors. Lack of water is the most common, followed by disease. Because Utah’s climate is so arid, there aren’t that many disease problems in our lawns. The number one culprit of brown spots in your lawn is lack of water.

There are a number of reasons one area on your lawn may not be getting enough water. You may have sprinkler heads that are not functioning properly. Poor uniformity in your irrigation system can cause one area to get less water than the rest of the zone.

Check for broken sprinkler heads, heads that are misaligned (a good indicator is a wet sidewalk or street), or obstructions such as trees, shrubs or landscape rocks.

If there are several brown spots within one zone, you may have an overall design problem. Fixing a design problem is costly and labor intensive. If you must replace your system, please consult with a professional irrigation designer. However, if the system seemed to work at one point, you most likely have poor pressure in your system. Call an irrigation professional to help you correct this problem.

For a monthly maintenance check, print this checklist of things to look for in your irrigation system. Print this list, turn on your zones, and mark the problems on the sheet. This way, you will have a record of system maintenance problems!

Coping with Brown Spots

No matter how much maintenance you do on your sprinkler system, no one’s irrigation system is perfect. It is impossible to design a sprinkler system that is 100% efficient. Don’t feel so bad.

After getting the system as uniform as possible, you may still have brown spots.

At this point, you have three choices:

1-Over-water your lawn, thereby wasting a valuable resource,
2-Hand-water the brown spots when needed, increasing your maintenance time
3-Plant something else there that doesn't need as much water.

North-Central Utah Monthly Lawn Watering Guide

2010-07-03T00:19:00.009-06:00

A typical Utah lawn has a water demand curve that begins in mid-April, rises to a peak in July, and then falls rapidly until mid-October. Adjusting your timer monthly to better follow this demand curve will save you water and money. An easy way to do this is keep the minutes constant and increase or decrease the number of days between waterings as shown below.

Times shown are for spray head sprinklers; double times for rotor head sprinklers.

March- No irrigation recommended
April- No irrigation recommended
May- 24 mins every 4 days
June- 21 mins every 3 days
July- 21 mins every 3 days
August- 21 mins every 3 days
September- 21 mins every 6 days
October- No irrigation recommended
November- No irrigation recommended

Do I need to cycle?

On soils with high clay content, or areas with steep slopes, you may need to cycle. Cycling breaks up the required run time into several short durations that allow the water to penetrate deeper into the soil, improving root depth and overall plant health.

(Sample Cycle Times)

Cycle- Run Time- Soak Time
1- 7 min- 1 hour
2- 7 min- 1 hour
3- 7 min- -

To determine if you need to cycle, turn on your system and time how long it takes for water to start running off. This is the maximum amount of time you can water in one cycle. Divide the recommended minutes by this to give you the number of cycles to run. For example, if water begins to run off after 7 minutes, divide the suggested number of minutes (21) by 7. This gives 3 cycles, which can be scheduled as shown.

How do I water plants other than grass?

If your lawn and decorative plants are watered by different sprinkler zones, you will be able to save even more water. Shrubs, flowers and other decorative plants require 25-50% less water than the lawn. If possible, water these zones a few minutes longer than the lawn but half as frequently.

What if I already water less than recommended?

The recommendations are based on average conditions. If you already water less and are satisfied with how your lawn looks, don't increase your watering time. Instead, try decreasing the time! Turn down the minutes until you begin to see stress in your lawn, then turn it back up a bit and leave it. As you fine-tune your schedule, you will save even more water and money than this schedule suggests!

What if the recommended times are not enough?

If this schedule does not seem to be enough water for your lawn, please check your system for inefficiencies and maintenance issues before increasing your run times. Watering the whole lawn to green-up just a few brown spots is an inefficient use of water.

Cleaning a Flat-screen TV

2010-07-02T22:04:00.001-06:00

By now, your new flat-screen TV has probably gotten pretty dirty. But don’t be tempted to use the same methods you would to clean your tube TV. Flat-screen television sets require more specialized care. Here are a few “Dos” and “Don’ts” to keep in mind:

- Don’t reach for strong chemical cleaners like alcohol, ammonia-based cleaners or window cleaners. They can damage the screen’s special coating.
- Don’t spray a liquid cleaner on the screen, as it can leak into the TV casing and damage the circuitry.
- Never use paper towels or newspapers to wipe of the screen either. These are wood products and will scratch the screen.

What you should do instead is look for a solution that is specially labeled “safe for laptop screens” or “LCD and plasma screens.” Cleaners are available at thousands of retail locations nationwide. Once you have your cleaner on hand, disconnect the power to your TV, and use either lukewarm water or your screen care solution to clean your TV.

Summertime Energy-Savings Tips

2010-07-01T23:15:00.001-06:00

The California Energy Commission’s Consumer Energy Center says "The average home spends about $1,900 a year on energy costs. But you can lower your energy bills and help save the environment at the same time!" Here are some fast and free energy-savings tips:

- Be a speedy chef. Nothing is more energy efficient for cooking than your microwave. It uses two-thirds less energy than your stove.
- Push a button to wash your dishes. Surprise! Your dishwasher uses less water than washing dishes by hand. Then let dishes air-dry to save even more!
- Fill up the fridge. Having lots of food in your fridge keeps it from warming up too fast when the door is open. So your fridge doesn't have to work as hard to stay cool.

Summer Lawn Care Explained

2010-06-28T23:18:00.000-06:00

Did you know that most lawn problems are a direct result of over watering? Maintaining your lawn properly will help you save time, money and water!

Mowing

Is your lawn shorter than your carpet? Mowing your lawn at such a short length hurts the grass, wastes water and produces more green waste.

By raising your lawn mower height another ½ to 1 inch, you are promoting the conservation of water in grass. Grass will shade itself as it grows longer, reducing its overall water need. This, in turn, reduces the growth rate of the grass meaning less frequent mowing! Experts recommend cutting grass to a total length of 3 inches, and removing no more than one-third of the leaf blade per mowing.

Stressing

Ever heard the expression "What doesn’t kill you only makes you stronger"? In order to make your grass heartier, try stressing it out! By going an extra day without water here and there, you are promoting deeper root growth. The deeper the roots are allowed to penetrate the soil, the better overall health of your lawn. Roots will only grow as far as they need to in order to get water. If you are always giving them water up near the surface of the lawn, the plants have no incentive to grow deeper. You can easily check your rooting depth by using a soil probe or screwdriver.

Try waiting as long as possible in the spring before watering your grass. The longer you wait, the healthier your lawn will be in the summer months. And don’t worry. It’s virtually impossible to kill your lawn. The lawn may turn brown in areas, but it is just the plant going DORMANT, not dying. Adding water will make that spot spring back to life!

Fertilization

Fertilizing your lawn encourages healthy plant growth. In this case, however, MORE IS NOT BETTER! Fertilize sparingly, as you can actually over stimulate plant growth, making the lawn more susceptible to dry conditions and disease. Additionally, the more fertilizer applied to a lawn increases the likelihood of harmful chemicals running off into streams or seeping into groundwater. The combination of over-watering and over-fertilizing can be dangerous to plants and humans!

Why You Need a Home Inspection

2010-06-25T12:18:00.002-06:00

Summer Home Maintenance Tips

2010-06-16T23:17:00.000-06:00

- Check your toilets for erosion of plastic floater valves and pipe connections
- Clean and/or replace your furnace filter
- Check washing machine hoses for cracks and bulges, replacing as necessary
- Clean the clothes dryer exhaust duct and space under the dryer
- Wash and clean lint screen on dryer to eliminate fabric softener build-up
- Clean garbage disposal using ice cubes, lemon juice and running water for one minute

Air Conditioner Maintenance Explained

2010-06-05T23:11:00.002-06:00

Your home’s heating and cooling systems should give you many years of service with proper maintenance. Preventive maintenance will lower your energy costs, prevent costly repairs and prolong the life of your systems. Don't wait for summer's full heat to check your system, if you need service, you will have to wait a lot longer. Regular maintenance will ensure that your system is ready to heat and cool your home when needed. Most heating and cooling systems should be serviced once a year by a professional heating or cooling contractor. The professional contractor has the tools, instruments and training necessary to maintain your system for dependable, trouble-free operation. The contractor should inspect your systems, including the thermostat, the blower motor and fans, and the ducting, as well as the AC condenser and evaporator units, including refrigerant levels, any furnace gas connections and/or heat exchangers and complete any necessary maintenance tasks, including checking all electrical components and controls, oiling motors and calibrating thermostats and adjust the entire system for optimal performance.

Having said all that, there are some things that you can do your self:

- Make sure the unit is level. The compressor piston/cylinder Is usually lubricated from the bottom up. A tilted oil reservoir can cause uneven lubrication requiring more power and resulting in faster wear.

- Sufficient Clearance: Both the inside (evaporator) and outside (condenser) units should have at least 30 inches of access clearance. Not only does this allow proper servicing of the unit, but more importantly it allows the air drawn in to be cooled and circulated and it allows proper dissipation of the heat from the evaporator. Remove obstructions such as debris and shrubbery from the outside unit and boxes, suitcases, etc from the attic unit.

- Filters: Change or clean the system filters once a month. This is especially important during the summer when dust and allergens circulate. Dirty filters restrict air flow, increase power demands, reduce efficiency and can even cause the evaporator to ice up.

- Registers: Reduce dust in your home by vacuuming the system registers and the cold air return as part of your regular cleaning.

- Hose Connections: Check all for leaks and make sure the condensate tube is draining freely.

- Ducts: Examine exposed supply ducts for gaps or leaks allowing conditioned air to escape. Look for gaps and run your hand along exposed supply ducts with the blower running to feel for escaping air. Seal any leaks with duct tape.

- Listen: Listen to your condenser, evaporator and furnace when they are running. If you hear unusual noises, follow the appliance manual’s directions or consult with your professional heating/cooling contractor.

- Obstructions: Remove any objects or debris that may have fallen through the registers. Remove any drapes, furniture or other objects blocking registers, interrupting airflow and lowering your system’s efficiency.

Gain peace of mind in the current condition of your home!

2010-06-05T12:34:00.003-06:00

Part of the joy of owning a home is being able to make renovations and improvements to truly make it your own. But which projects do you tackle first? With homeowner inspection services from Hidden Valley Property Inspection, The inspector will help you learn more about the current condition of your home, prioritize any maintenance needs, and identify any potential home issues before they become major repairs. And if you hire a contractor to work on your house, the Hidden Valley Property Inspection home inspection will confirm if the work was done correctly. The knowledgeable and experienced inspector will help you develop a solid plan for current needs and future updates. You’ll know what to focus your efforts on and when, so you can keep your home safe, secure, and in solid condition throughout the seasons, for years to come. Call: 801-913-7183 or visit www.hiddenvalleypropertyinspection.com for more details.

Don’t let minor issues become major repairs

Weather, wear, and the effects of time can all impact a home—both in its outward visual appearance as well as what’s hidden beneath the surface. Don’t wait until something serious happens. Homeowner inspection services from Hidden Valley Property Inspection will identify current and potential issues with your home and help you get them under control, before they get out of hand.

Hidden Valley Property Inspection inspectors are trained to observe and analyze hundreds of items throughout the home. Depending on your needs, you can schedule one-time, seasonal or annual service to help you stay on top of your home’s condition and plan and prepare for any maintenance or repairs.

Home Maintenance Evaluation

A thorough visual evaluation will be made of hundreds of items, from the foundation to the roof and all the major systems of the house including the electrical, plumbing, and heating/air conditioning systems. The evaluation takes approximately 2 hours depending on the size of the home.

Gain peace of mind in the condition of your home

Hidden Valley Property Inspection will identify any minor issues before they become major repairs, ultimately saving you time and money down the road.

Keep your home safe and secure

Hidden Valley Property Inspection will conduct a thorough review of the home’s major systems and components (including the plumbing, electrical and heating/air conditioning systems), and check typical safety issues, like gas leaks, smoke detectors, electrical hazards, and areas of moisture intrusion so you’ll know your house is safe.

Get the information you need to make informed decisions

Hidden Valley Property Inspection works for you and only you to provide objective evaluations and unbiased recommendations for correcting any issues within your home. The goal is to provide you with the information and guidance you need to make sure your home is safe, sound and in top condition.

Come away with a home maintenance schedule and help prioritizing repairs
Hidden Valley Property Inspection will consult with you to help prioritize repairs and improvements based on the results of the home maintenance evaluation. You’ll know which issues need to be repaired now, and which can wait until later.

If you Prune Those Trees: Be careful

2010-06-02T22:26:00.001-06:00

After the rash of storms many of us have damaged trees and wish to prune them. Be careful. "Pruning is a double-edged sword, either helping or hurting according to if, where, when, how, and why it is applied. When properly executed, a variety of benefits can occur. Benefits include reducing risk of branch and stem breakage, better clearance for vehicles and pedestrians, improved health and appearance, enhanced view, and increased flowering. When improperly performed, pruning can harm the tree's health, stability, and appearance."

Tree Damage: Trim Your Risk

2010-05-05T22:11:00.002-06:00

Falling trees and limbs cause hundreds of millions of dollars of damage each year, as well as personal injuries and deaths. Windstorms and ice storms are leading causes of such damage and injuries. Wildfire risks exist in nearly every state, and in those areas buildings have also been destroyed by fire leaping from nearby trees and shrubs. Tree-related damage is usually apparent. Limbs crashing through a roof or onto automobiles or power lines are hard to miss. Sometimes the damage is so severe that entire homes are destroyed. This is especially likely to happen when large trees are torn out of the ground and topple onto a house, crashing through the structure or knocking it off its foundation. Remarkably, extensive tree damage can also occur underground, out of sight.

Natural Born Pest Killers: Home Remedies for Pest Control

2010-05-02T23:07:00.002-06:00

Increased homeowner awareness of environmental problems has led many of us to seek alternatives to chemical pesticides. There are natural approaches to controlling pests including ants, wasps, mites, moths, flies and other insects. Have you tried cucumber peels or grits? There are good suggestions for safely attacking snails and fleas as well as various pesky plants such as Canadian Thistle. There are also traps and lures to help you identify the presence of pests, and to help control them.

Book Your Next Utah Home Inspection Online

2010-04-18T13:46:00.003-06:00

Hidden Valley Property Inspection now offers you the ability to book your next inspection online. Please click here to book your home inspection.

Mold and Mildew and Allergies... oh My!

2010-04-03T00:11:00.000-06:00

Mold and mildew inside the home can cause problems for those with allergies. They grow wherever it's damp and warm and there is little air movement. You can take some simple measures to keep your home free of mold and mildew. Tips suggested by the University of Illinois Extension include:
Keep clothes, closets, drawers, and walls clean.
Eliminate sources of moisture in your home.
Try to maintain air movement in all areas of your home.
Dry air prevents mold and mildew. Use a dehumidifier.
Treat cotton items such as awnings and tents with fungicides before using them.
Paste-wax shoe polish or saddle soap will help protect leather goods.

Top 10 Home Safety Tips

2010-04-02T23:36:00.000-06:00

1. Install smoke alarms on every level of your home and outside every sleeping area. Any room used for sleeping should also have a smoke alarm installed in the room. Test them monthly. If your smoke alarms are ten years old or more, replace them. If you build or remodel your home, install fire sprinklers.

2. Develop a fire escape plan for your family: Point out two exits from each room, pick a meeting spot outside and hold a fire drill at least twice a year.

3. Always stay in the kitchen while food is cooking on the stove.

4. Keep all stairways, paths and walkways well lit. Use railings.

5. Install grab bars in bath and shower stalls, and use a non-slip mat or adhesive safety strips inside bathtubs and showers.

6. Post the National Poison Control Hotline number (1-800-222-1222) and other emergency numbers next to every phonei in your home.

7. Install child locks on all cabinets used to store dangerous items such as poisons, matches and lighters. Install carbon monoxide alarms.

8. Keep your water heater setting at 120 degrees Fahrenheit or less.

9. Install four-sided pool fencing with self-locking and self-closing gates, Fencing should completely isolate the pool from the home and be at least five feet high.

10. Constantly supervise children in or hear bodies of water such as pools, ponds bathtubs toilets and buckets.

Window Safety

2010-03-18T23:38:00.002-06:00

Did you ever stop to think that windows are far more than sources of light and air? They can be killers or lifesavers. The National Safety Council says that, “Fires and falls of all kinds are among the leading causes of injury and death in young children. While some falls occur from windows, it is important to realize that in the event of a fire, a window can also save a child's life. This is why windows play a critical role in home safety.”

Easy Home Improvement Ideas

2010-03-03T00:10:00.000-07:00

Fixing up your home can be fun and often times very profitable even when you're only doing a few easy home improvement projects. There are several touches that you could add to a bathroom or kitchen for added value in your home. These easy home improvement projects are very quick too. In this article you will learn some modest ways to fix up your home, and add significant value in less than a day.

Adding Trim to Your Ceiling

One of the neat tricks you can do when creating some easy home improvement projects is to add some trim around the top of your ceiling. Simply take a border of colorful wall paper about 5 to 6 inches wide and apply it around the top of the ceiling. This will give your room a rich look and is very cost effective.

Paint Your Bathroom Light Switches

If you would like to save some money fixing up your bathroom you can paint the light switches. Don't forget to do the plug-in covers as well. There are several easy home improvement projects that you can do to the bathroom. Maybe you could add a toilet seat cover and matching towels to add a nice look. The cost is very minimal, but can add a nice touch to the room. If you have a spare bedroom you may want to consider painting those switches as well.

The kitchen is another place where you can apply some easy home improvement projects. Try changing the handles on your cabinets. If the timing is right, you may find some great deals on closeout cabinet accessories at your local stores. Often times at the end of the year your local stores will have huge clearance sales and unload very nice packages of hardware to add to your kitchen cabinets. This is great when searching for some easy home improvement projects to do.

Change the Lights for Appearance and Savings

There are so many choices in lighting these days. You could add a couple simple energy saving lights to your kitchen or bathroom for your next easy home improvement projects. Many lights can add value and energy savings, helping the budget as well. Once you have finished inside you may want to think about some easy home improvement projects for the outside of your home next.

You can add some lighting to the outside of your home to make some nice touches. This is another one of those easy home improvement projects that only takes a couple hours, but if done right, can add value and convenience if you have nighttime gatherings at your home. As you can see there are many simple little projects you can implement to add some easy decorative touches to your home.

Is Your Indoor Air More Polluted Than Your Outdoor Air?

2010-01-25T23:40:00.000-07:00

For most of us summer means closed windows and doors and conditioned air, The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) says, "Indoor air pollutants are unwanted, sometimes harmful materials in the air. Indoor air pollution is among the top five environmental health risks. Usually the best way to address this risk is to control or eliminate the sources of pollutants, and to ventilate a home with clean outdoor air. The ventilation method may, however, be limited by weather conditions or undesirable levels of contaminants contained in outdoor air. If these measures are insufficient, an air cleaning device may be useful.

The Power Just Went Out!

2009-12-18T23:56:00.001-07:00

Power outages that occur in severe weather, or that last for extended periods of time, place a heavy burden on the system at the moment power is restored. You can help prevent an overload on the system and possibly another outage by taking these steps:

• Turn off every inside light except one.

• Turn down your thermostat.

• In cold weather, close windows and drapes to save heat. Pick one room on the warm side of the house (preferably one with a fireplace). Close the door to the rest of the house and use blankets to insulate your windows.

• If the outage lasts over 60 minutes, turn off your electric water heater.

• Make sure your kitchen range is off, both the surface and the oven. Never use it for heat.

• Turn off all unnecessary appliances.

• Avoid opening the freezer door. A full, freestanding freezer will keep food at freezing temperatures for about two days; a half-full freezer about a day. For more information about food safety during and after a power outage, call the USDA Food Safety Hotline at 1-800-535-4555.

• If you see a downed power line, STAY AWAY! And call your cooperative at once!

• Leave your porch light on so workers will know when your power has been restored.

• When power comes back on, slowly switch your appliances and lights back on and gradually return your thermostat to its normal setting.

Severe Weather Preparation

2009-12-10T23:54:00.000-07:00

Severe weather can sometimes put us in the dark. You'll be safer and less inconvenienced if you have the following emergency supplies on hand:
• Flashlight with fresh batteries
• Radio with fresh batteries
• Candles and holders
• Blankets
• Matches
• Wind-up clock
• Firewood and kindling
• Manual can opener
• Charcoal grill with charcoal
• Paper plates and plastic utensils
• Lighter
• Bottled water
• Nonperishable food
• Extra batteries

Holiday Safety

2009-12-02T23:50:00.001-07:00

The Consumer Products Safety Commission suggests following these tips to make your holiday a safe one.

Trees:

-When purchasing an artificial tree, look for the label "Fire Resistant." Although this label does not mean the tree won't catch fire, it does indicate the tree will resist burning and should extinguish quickly.
-When purchasing a live tree, check for freshness. A fresh tree is green, needles are hard to pull from branches and when bent between your fingers, needles do not break. -The trunk butt of a fresh tree is sticky with resin, and when tapped on the ground, the tree should not lose many needles.
-When setting up a tree at home, place it away from fireplaces and radiators. Because heated rooms dry live trees out rapidly, be sure to keep the stand filled with water. -Place the tree out of the way of traffic and do not block doorways.

Lights:

-Indoors or outside, use only lights that have been tested for safety by a recognized testing laboratory, which indicates conformance with safety standards. Use only lights that have fused plugs.
-Check each set of lights, new or old, for broken or cracked sockets, frayed or bare wires, or loose connections, and throw out damaged sets. Always replace burned-out bulbs promptly with the same wattage bulbs.
-Use no more than three standard-size sets of lights per single extension cord. Make sure the extension cord is rated for the intended use.
-Never use electric lights on a metallic tree. The tree can become charged with electricity from faulty lights, and a person touching a branch could be electrocuted.
-Before using lights outdoors, check labels to be sure they have been certified for outdoor use.
-Fasten outdoor lights securely to trees, house walls, or other firm supports to protect the lights from wind damage. Use only insulated staples to hold strings in place, not nails or tacks. Or, run strings of lights through hooks (available at hardware stores).
-Turn off all lights when you go to bed or leave the house. The lights could short out and start a fire.
-For added electric shock protection, plug outdoor electric lights and decorations into circuits protected by ground fault circuit interrupters (GFCIs). Portable outdoor GFCIs can be purchased where electrical supplies are sold. GFCIs can be installed permanently to household circuits by a qualified electrician.
Decorations:

-Use only non-combustible or flame-resistant materials to trim a tree. Choose tinsel or artificial icicles of plastic or nonleaded metals. Leaded materials are hazardous if ingested by children.
-Never use lighted candles on a tree or near other evergreens. Always use non-flammable holders, and place candles where they will not be knocked down.
-In homes with small children, take special care to avoid decorations that are sharp or breakable, keep trimmings with small removable parts out of the reach of children to avoid the child swallowing or inhaling small pieces, and avoid trimmings that resemble candy or food that may tempt a child to eat them.
-Wear gloves to avoid eye and skin irritation while decorating with spun glass "angel hair." Follow container directions carefully to avoid lung irritation while decorating with artificial snow sprays.

Fireplaces:

-Use care with "fire salts," which produce colored flames when thrown on wood fires. They contain heavy metals that can cause intense gastrointestinal irritation and vomiting if eaten. Keep them away from children.
-Do not burn wrapping papers in the fireplace. A flash fire may result as wrappings ignite suddenly and burn intensely.

Dishwasher Maintenance

2009-11-02T23:45:00.000-07:00

With the winter and the holidays coming, your dishwasher is likely to get a little more and harder use. You may want to treat for scale build-up and perform a maintenance inspection. Over time, build-ups from various causes can become deposited on the inside walls and heating element of the dishwasher. Remove all dishwasher contents (leave the racks) and run with no detergent and the following, as applicable: for mold, place one tablespoon of bleach in your dishwasher and run it for a full cycle; for rust, use a rust remover (ask for the right one at a hardware store) and run a cycle; for stains, place a cupful of white vinegar in your dishwasher and run it for a full cycle. An alternative to vinegar is baking soda.

Maintain your Large Appliances

2009-10-15T22:28:00.000-06:00

As the holiday season begins, make sure your appliances are prepared for the demands you will place on them.

- Pull your refrigerator from the wall and clean the condenser coils in back with a vacuum cleaner with a brush attachment. Also, vacuum dust from the front lower grille and clean the drip pan and the drain leading to it (if your unit has one).
- Clean the oven and stove drip pans on your electric range. Clean the surface burner on your gas stove to ensure proper flame level.
- De-stench your in-sink garbage disposal by packing it with ice cubes and 1/4 cup of baking soda; then turn it on. After the ice-grinding noise stops, pour a kettle full of boiling water into the sink.
- Check the dishwasher strainer and washer arm; clean if necessary.

Fall Home Winterizing

2009-10-10T23:43:00.000-06:00

Check the gutters and downspouts: Are they unclogged and free of litter? Are the joints tight? Are extenders and splash blocks under the downspouts? Any leaves in the roof valleys? Check for tree branches overhanging roofs. See if the septic tank needs pumping out. Be sure the pool is properly shut down and winterized. Check/provide snow fences if needed to direct the snow away from the house. Assess your back yard for winter: Is the BBQ put away and covered? Are lawn and garden tools stored in the shed or garage? Has the lawn furniture been winterized? Make sure there’s room in the garage for your car(s). Have hose bib covers handy for a freeze. Check the nooks and crannies for snakes, spiders and scorpions that will be looking for winter warmth. Check windows: Are they tightly caulked? Have window screens been removed and cleaned? Is your weather stripping tight? In the North: Have something handy to de-ice walkways and steps. In the South: Be sure rat/mouse bait is in places safe for pets and children.

Fall Lawn Tips

2009-10-03T00:45:00.000-06:00

There are a number of things that you can do to prepare your lawn for the winter and to ensure that it comes back strong in the fall. The cool night temperatures we are currently experiencing are probably already strengthening your lawn after the hot and dry summer. You may be noticing improved grass color and density. Now is the perfect time to enhance the grass's recovery with a few simple steps.

After the summer, it is likely that your lawn needs some supplemental fertilization. Nitrogen will be needed in the largest quantity and you should apply 1 pound of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer per thousand square feet of lawn. This will help the lawn to recover from summer stresses and will further improve grass color and density.

As the cooler weather intensifies, you will also be able to stop irrigating your lawn. It's easy to forget that changes in the program of your irrigation controller are necessary at this time of the year. The grass does not need as much irrigation as it did during the heat of the summer and it's the perfect opportunity for conservation. A great deal of water can be wasted in the fall because irrigation controllers are not adjusted for the cooler temperatures.

As it gets even cooler and winter is just around the corner, you will notice that your lawn is growing much more slowly. At some point, you will perform your last mowing of the growing season. This is a critical time in the life and health of your lawn. Hopefully you have been mowing at a height of 2 1/2 -3 1/2 inches to promote root growth and stress tolerance. This is a good practice, but not a good one to follow with your final mowing of the season. This last mowing should be much shorter, from 1 to 1 1/2 inches. Mowing at this shorter height will not leave long grass blades over the winter that can lay over and increase humidity beneath snow cover. If the grass blades are very long, and there is lengthy snow cover, a disease called snow mold may occur.

After your final mowing is also the best time to apply your last fertilization of the growing season. Once again, nitrogen is of primary concern. Following your last mowing, you'll want to apply 1 pound of quick-release nitrogen fertilizer per thousand square feet of lawn. It's important that the nitrogen source be quick-release so that the grass can take it up before going dormant due to cold. This is probably the most critical fertilization of the entire growing season and should not be missed! Research has shown that this late fall fertilization provides the most benefit and drought tolerance to the lawn the FOLLOWING summer.

These simple steps will ensure that your lawn makes it not only through the winter, but into next summer healthy and stronger.

How Long Will My Home Systems and Components Typically Last?

2009-09-17T13:09:00.000-06:00

A well-built home can last for hundreds of years, but many of its parts must be replaced or removed regularly.

Here's a sampling of average life expectancy in years for different products and materials used in the home, as listed in a report titled "1997 Housing Facts, Figures and Trends" published by the National Association of Home Builders (NAHB) based in Washington, D.C. These are estimates only. I am making no guarantees or promises.

The number following the item is in years.

APPLIANCES

Compactor,disposal
Using regularly is the best maintenance. Also grinding bones helps clear away build-up 10
Dishwasher
Proper maintenance includes checking to see if water temperature is at least 130 degrees F and cleaning the filter and screens 10
Dryer
Proper maintenance includes regularly cleaning out the lint, tightening the connection between the wires and the heating element, lubricating the pulleys and rollers, and examining the exhaust outlet. 10
Freezer (compact)
Proper maintenance includes regularly cleaning the condenser coils every three months and sanitizing the door gaskets in order to maintain an effective seal. 12
Freezer (standard)
Same as compact freezers. 16
Microwave Oven 11
Range (free-standing electric)
Proper maintenance includes checking electrical connections, checking the oven vent for blockage and making sure the surface units are secure and level. 17
Range (gas)
Properly maintained by cleaning the igniters once a year. 19
Range (High Oven, gas)
Same as free standing gas ranges. 14
Refrigerator (Compact)
Proper maintenance includes cleaning the condenser coils every three months, sanitizing the door gaskets in order to maintain an effective seal, cleaning the mouth of the drain, and occasionally pouring a tablespoon of chlorine bleach followed by water in order to keep blockages from forming. 14
Refrigerator (Standard)
Same as compact refrigerator 17
Washer (Auto and Compact)
Proper maintenance includes checking the shaft seal, lubricating the pump, and tightening the belts. 13
Exhaust fan 20

BATHROOMS

Cast Iron Bathtub 50
Fiberglass Tub and shower 10-15
Shower Door (average quality) 25
Toilet 50

CABINETRY

Kitchen Cabinets 15-20
Medicine Cabinets/Bath Vanity 20

COUNTER TOPS

Laminate 10-15
Ceramic Tile (high grade) Lifetime
Wood/Butcher Block or Granite 20+

DOORS

Screen 25-50
Interior (Not perfect Hollow Core) <30

Interior (Solid Core Wood) 30+
Exterior (Unprotected Exposed) 25-30
Folding 30+
Garage Door 20-50
Garage Door Opener 10

FINISHES

Paint, Plaster, Stucco 3-5
Sealer, Silicone, and Waxes 1-5

FLOORS

Oak, Pine, or Slate Flagstone Lifetime
Vinyl sheet or Tile 20-30
Terrazzo Lifetime
Carpeting 11
Marble Lifetime

FOOTINGS AND FOUNDATIONS

Poured Footing and Foundation 200
Concrete Block 100
Cement 50
Waterproofing (bituminous coating)
(cracking results in immediate damage) 10
Termite Proofing
(may have shorter life in damp climates) 5
Baseboard System 20

HEATING, VENTILATION AND A/C

A/C Unit (Central)
Varies from the materials and products used in the construction. 15
A/C Unit (Window Unit)
Varies from the materials and products used in the construction. 10
Humidifier
Varies from the materials and products used in the construction. 8
Water Heater (Electric)
Varies from the materials and products used in the construction. 14
Water Heater (Gas)
Varies from the materials and products used in the construction. 11-13
Forced Air Furnace, Heat Pump
Varies from the materials and products used in the construction. 15
Furnace, Gas or Oil Fired
Varies from the materials and products used in the construction. 18

LANDSCAPING

Wooden Deck
Varies from the materials and products used in the construction. 15
Brick and Concrete Patio
Varies from the materials and products used in the construction. 24
Concrete Walk
Varies from the materials and products used in the construction. 24
Gravel Walk
Varies from the materials and products used in the construction. 4
Asphalt Driveway
Varies from the materials and products used in the construction. 10
Swimming Pool
Varies from the materials and products used in the construction. 18
Sprinkler System, Fence
Varies from the materials and products used in the construction. 12

PAINTS AND STAINS

Exterior Paint
Varies from the materials and products used 7-10
Interior Wall, Trim, Door Paint
Varies from the materials and products used 5-10
Interior Wallpaper
Varies from the materials and products used 7

PLUMBING

Waste Pipe (Concrete)
Varies from the materials and products used in the construction. 50-100
Waste Pipe (Cast Iron)
Varies from the materials and products used in the construction. 75-100
Sink (Enamel, Steel)
Varies from the materials and products used in the construction. 5-10
Sink (Enamel Cast Iron, Porcelain)
Much more durable 25-30
Faucets (Low Quality) 13-15
High Quality Faucets 15-20

ROOFING

Asphalt and Wood Shingles and Shakes
Last longer if pressure treated.
15-30
Tile
Depends on quality of tile and the climate. 50
Slate
Depends on the grade. 50-100
Sheet metal
Depends on gauge of metal, the quality of coatings and application. 20-50+
Built-up Roofing (Asphalt)
Depends on materials and drainage. Coatings will add to life. 12-25
Built-up Roofing (Coat and Tar)
Depends on quality of materials,thoroughness of design and application. 12-30
Asphalt Composition Shingle 15-30
Asphalt Overlay 25-35

SIDING

Gutters and Downspouts 30
Siding (wood) 10-100
Siding (steel) 50-Life
Siding (aluminum) 20-50
Siding (vinyl) 50

WINDOWS

Window Glazing 20
Wood Casement 20-50
Aluminum Casement 10-20
Screen 25-50

(In some categories, installation, quality and traffic/usage impact life greatly.)

Gas Lighter Bars and Gas Log Maintenance

2009-09-01T22:09:00.000-06:00

Those handy gas starter pipes start a fire quickly, but they deteriorate over time and need to be replaced (as do their gas mixing valves). Look for excessive rust scaling, cracks, stripped threads on the joints or blocked gas outlet holes. Many fireplace/heating supply stores carry them or can order them for you. Be sure to get the proper natural gas or propane mixing valve. Gas logs should be serviced annually (we suggest your dealer) to help assure proper performance. Over time, the materials that help create the realistic gas flame will become worn and dirty, and replacing the embers and sand/vermiculite will help your log set perform and look like new. Consult your Owners Manual to determine the correct type of material to use and how it should be applied. Do not substitute materials or attempt to make alterations to your gas log set; doing so may cause dangerous conditions. Some helpful items to renew the realism of your fireplace include soot remover spray, replacement "glowing ember" lava rocks and rock wool mixture to replace the original material that came with your gas log set.

Window Replacement

2009-08-17T23:43:00.000-06:00

Window replacements are among the most common home remodeling projects and can help save on winter heating bills. According to the National Association of Home Builders (NAHB), window replacements total 44% of all remodeling jobs. If you are a proficient handyman, window replacement is a task that does not necessarily require a contractor. Replacing an old window is something a Do It Yourself homeowner can tackle with some basic carpenter’s knowledge and a few basic carpentry tools that you probably already own. If your old wooden window is drafty, does not open or close well, or is showing signs of water damage and decay, it is probably time to think about replacing it with a state-of-the-art, Low-E glass, new vinyl clad window.

Major Home Systems Defined

2009-08-04T13:06:00.000-06:00

All home's consist of the following major systems:

The Foundation- Holds a Home in Place

The Structure- Keeps the Home's Shape

The Roof- Keeps the Home Dry

The Exterior- Protects from the Elements

The Interior- Circulates Heat, Air and Water

The Plumbing System- Transports Water and Waste

The Electrical System- Keeps Lights and Appliances Running

The Heating and Cooling Systems- Creates a Comfortable Environment

A Home Inspector You Can Count On

2009-08-04T13:01:00.000-06:00

At Hidden Valley Property Inspection, we know that you spend a lot of time building your real estate business.

Make sure your clients are getting the most comprehensive, experienced, and professional inspections available by working with Hidden Valley Property Inspection.

A home inspection from Hidden Valley Property Inspection can help the transaction process go smoothly. Buyers can make an informed decision on the home and can better plan for upgrades down the road. Sellers who obtain a pre-inspection often see their listing sell more quickly. Your clients will feel more comfortable with their decision, and will be more satisfied with the process when it's complete. Your professional Inspector and the advanced computer-driven Home Inspector Pro reporting technology, best represent you, your business, and your clients. It's a positive experience for everyone.

Help foster confident home buying decisions with our superior home inspection services.

Sell your home faster, with no surprises.

2009-07-20T12:58:00.000-06:00

Before you put your home on the market, consider the home seller inspection services available from Hidden Valley Property Inspection. The professional home inspector will provide you with a clear understanding of your home’s condition, including recommendations for property enhancements. You can then decide which improvements you’d like to make before listing your home or adjust the sale price to reflect the estimated cost of any repairs. Either way, a Hidden Valley Property Inspection home inspection gives you, potential buyers and real estate agents greater confidence in the condition of the property.

Pre-Listing Inspection

A Hidden Valley Property Inspection pre-listing home inspection provides you with comprehensive information on the current condition of your home and includes recommendations for property repairs and enhancements to improve the home’s value and marketability. You can work with your real estate agent to either decide which areas to improve before putting the house on the market, or to adjust the sale price to reflect any costs of repairs that would be revealed in a home inspection performed later by a potential home buyer during the contingency process. And if you’ve maintained and updated your home over the years, a pre-listing home inspection report serves as a valuable sales tool documenting the attention to detail and care you’ve taken in protecting your investment.

A Hidden Valley Property Inspection pre-listing home inspection includes hundreds of items, from the foundation to the roof and all the major systems of the house - electrical, plumbing and heating/air conditioning. The inspection takes the home inspector between 2 1/2 and 3 hours depending on the size of the home.

Frequently Asked Questions About Utah Home Inspections

2009-06-16T13:41:00.000-06:00

Why Do I Need A Home Inspection?

The purchase of a home is the largest single investment you will ever make. You should learn as much as you can about the condition of the property and the need for any major repairs before you buy, so you can minimize unpleasant surprises and difficulties afterwards. After the inspection, you will have a much clearer understanding of the property. If you are already a homeowner, a home inspection may be used to identify problems in the making and take preventative measures which might avoid costly repairs in the future. If you are planing to sell your home on the market, you may wish to have an inspection performed prior to placing your home on the market. This will give you a better understanding of the conditions which may be discovered by the buyer's inspector and an opportunity to make repairs that will put the house in a better selling position. Having an inspection will help you comply with current disclosure laws concerning the sale of your property.

Can I Do It Myself?

Even the most experienced homeowner lacks the knowledge and years of expertise of a professional home inspector. An inspector is familiar with the elements of home construction and remains completely objective and unemotional about the home.

Can A Home Inspection Fail?

NO! A professional home inspection is an examination of the condition of the home on the day it is inspected; it is not an appraisal, which determines market value or a municipal inspection, which verifies local code compliance, but rather describes its visible physical condition and indicates what may need major repairs in the near future.

Do I Have To Be There?

It is not necessary for you to be present for the inspection, however it is encouraged. The inspection will last between 2-1/2 and 3-1/2 hrs.

Who Hires The Inspector?

The Client usually retains the inspector. The Inspector works for you. The report cannot be given to anyone else without your written consent.

How Much Does It Cost?

The purchase of a property will likely be the most expensive investment people will make in their lives, it doesn't make sense to shop for the least expensive inspector you can find. What is the saying, "Pennywise and Pound Foolish". That is most certainly true, in todays world, you get what you pay for. Don't be fooled by individuals whose training consists of viewing a video tape for 2 hours and then claim to be a "House Inspector" Check for "Certifications" before hiring an inspector. No Home Inspection can guarantee there won't be problems, even new homes are not perfect on the day their new owners move in. A Certified Home Inspector can point out existing or potential problems that would require attention either by the seller or buyer. Please call 801-913-7183 for pricing.

You, the Buyer, are saving yourself from problems you never contemplated when buying the "Dream House" you wanted.

You, the Seller, are complying with current disclosure laws concerning the sale of your property.

About My Northern Utah Home Inspection Company

2009-06-15T13:32:00.003-06:00

Hidden Valley Property Inspection of Sandy, Utah proudly offers home inspection services to clients seeking top quality, professionalism, and attention to detail.

Utah has some very unique weather and seasons, I am very aware of what each of Utah's seasons are doing to your potential new home, inside and out. I will be inspecting your next home or property with extreme patience and detail. I will inspect the home and property as if I were looking to buy it myself!

My Qualifications

Home Inspection Certification, Allied Business School, Laguna Beach, CA.

Bachelor of Science, Geography, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT.

I am a member in good standing with the International Association of Certified Home Inspectors. InterNACHI is one of the largest home inspection associations in the United States.

I fulfill 24 credit hours of continuing education and recurrent training every year to maintain the highest level of proficiency.

I follow InterNACHI's Standards of Practice.

I abide by InterNACHI's Code of Ethics.

Over 14 years of residential building and renovating experience.

I truly enjoy my work and it shows.

I am an ATP rated Pilot and Certified Flight Instructor. I bring my attention to detail and passion for proper training and certification in the Aviation field to my Inspection business and related services.

Did you know that Utah is one of the few states that does not have or require a state license for Home Inspectors?

I am giving you the assurance that I have put in the book work, time and money to get properly certified to highest possible level until the state of Utah requires Home Inspectors to pass and hold a state license to remain in business!

I have done as much on my own dime that I can to be the best at what I do. Please educate yourself before selecting your home inspector.

Ask them these questions...

1. Where did you get your training?
2. Are you certified/licensed? By Who? (NACHI, ASHI, etc.)
3. How do you keep proficient in your trade?
4. What kind of Inspection report do you use?

I am required by the above mentioned association, NACHI to take yearly recurrent training courses and tests in all fields relating to home inspections. I must pass these exams with an 80% or better to maintain my membership. (below is a breakdown of all required additional yearly training)

I invite you to visit: www.nachi.org for more details!

This is just one of many ways I can assure you that you are getting the best inspection for your time and money.

The yearly recurrent courses include: Structural, Roofing, Foundations, Electrical, Plumbing, Heating and Air Conditioning, Attics and Insulation, Fireplaces and Chimneys, Mold, Interior Fixtures, Exterior, Appliances, Doors and Windows, Pools and Saunas, and Termite and Rodent problems...Just to name a few!

You've found the house. Is it the right one?

2009-06-07T12:26:00.003-06:00

A Home Inspection for the home buyer can make your dream home a worry-free reality.

Finding a new home can be exhilarating, but nothing's worse than buying your dream house, moving in, and finding out that there are serious issues. So make sure your experience is a positive one, all the way through, with home buyer inspection services from Hidden Valley Property Inspection. You'll know the condition of your prospective new home and will be able to make an informed decision, offer the right price, know what to expect once you move in and what to plan for in the years to come.

With a Hidden Valley Property Inspection home inspection, you'll receive a detailed, comprehensive report that explains the condition (both positive and negative) of the home's structural elements, major systems and components. The friendly, knowledgeable and experienced home inspector will answer any questions you may have about your home, during the inspection process or anytime afterwards, so you can make your purchasing decision with confidence.

Hidden Valley Property Inspection offers a number of home inspection services for home buyers, all with a complete report and color digital photographs. Call: 801-913-7183 or visit www.hiddenvalleypropertyinspection.com for more details and to book your next inspection online.

Standard Full-Home Inspection

A thorough inspection of the home's major systems, this home inspection is for the buyer who is primarily concerned with the systems that make the home livable. This visual home inspection includes hundreds of items, from the foundation to the roof and all the major systems of the house including electrical, plumbing and heating/air conditioning. The inspection takes between 2 1/2 and 3 hours depending on the size of the home.

Items inspected include:

Foundation
Structure
Basement or crawl space
Interior and exterior walls
Siding
Water heater
Heating and air conditioning systems
Electrical system
Plumbing system and fixtures
Porches and decks
Attic
Roof
Gutters
Fireplace and exterior chimney

Condominium/Townhome Inspection

Like houses, condos and townhouses should also be inspected before purchase. Hidden Valley Property Inspection provides an extensive inspection of the condominium or townhouse interior reviews the structure, mechanical, and plumbing, electrical and heating/AC systems within the unit, along with any built-in appliances. This inspection takes the home inspector 1 to 2 hours to complete and will provide you with peace of mind in knowing that the unit is sound.

Duplex/Multiplex Inspection

I provide comprehensive inspections for multi-unit properties (duplexes, multiplexes, etc.). Similar to a standard or extended full home inspection, this inspection reviews all visual aspects of the individual units of a property, as well as all shared major systems and structural components.

HUD/Foreclosed Inspection

These type of properties require the all of the important areas of a typical home inspection, but due to the nature of the property they need some additional attention to detail from the inspector. In most cases the previous occupant had to leave the property under forced or stressed circumstances. It is not uncommon to find intentional damage to the property from either the previous occupant or others since these homes often sit for long periods of time unoccupied.

Winterization following HUD Inspection

After your HUD home inspection, HUD requires the home to be Winterized. Hidden Valley Property Inspection is happy to offer this service.

I Only Work For You

You can count on Hidden Valley Property Inspection for a timely and accurate assessment of the condition of your potential new home. We work for you and you only. The knowledgeable and experienced home inspectors will explain the inspection process and findings to you, and answer any questions you may have at the time of the inspection and afterward should any arise.

Burglary Prevention Tips

2009-06-01T23:47:00.001-06:00

* Make your home look occupied, and make it difficult to break in.

* Lock all outside doors and windows before you leave the house or go to bed. Even if it is for a short time, lock your doors.

* Leave lights on when you go out. If you are going to be away for a length of time, connect some lamps to automatic timers to turn them on in the evening and off during the day.

* Keep your garage door closed and locked.

* Don't allow daily deliveries of mail, newspapers or flyers build up while you are away. Arrange with the Post Office to hold your mail, or arrange for a friend or neighbor to take them regularly.

* Arrange for your lawn to be mowed if you are going away for an extended time.

* Check your locks on doors and windows and replace them with secure devices as necessary.

* Pushbutton locks on doorknobs are easy for burglars to open. Install deadbolt locks on all your outside doors.

* Sliding glass doors are vulnerable. Special locks are available for better security.

* Other windows may need better locks. Check with a locksmith or hardware store for alternatives.

Don't tempt a thief:

* Lawn mowers, snow blowers, barbecues and bicycles are best stored out of sight.

* Always lock your garden sheds and garages.

* Use curtains on garage and basement windows.

* Never leave notes on your door such as "Gone shopping."

Locks…get the best:

* No lock, regardless of its quality, can be truly effective. Key-in dead bolt locks provide minimum security. Ask a locksmith for advice on your situation.

* Change locks immediately if your keys are lost or stolen.

* When moving into a new home, have all locks changed.

Targeting the Outside:

* Have adequate exterior lighting. A motion-sensitive light is recommended for backyards.

* Trim trees and shrubs so that they cannot be used as hiding places for intruders.

* Make sure your door hinges are on the inside.

Windows:

* Most windows can be pinned for security.

* Drill a 3/16" hole on a slight downward slant through the inside window frame and halfway into the outside frame - place a nail in the hole to secure the window.

Alarms:

* An alarm system is excellent for home security. It provides peace of mind to homeowners, especially while on vacation. There is a wide variety of alarm systems on the market.

* Make several inquiries to different companies for the best security system available to you.

If Your Home Is Broken Into:

If you come home to find an unexplained open/broken window or door:

* Do not enter - the perpetrator may still be inside.

* Use a neighbor's phone to call police.

* Do not touch anything or clean up until the police have inspected for evidence.

* Write down the license plate numbers of any suspicious vehicles.

* Note the descriptions of any suspicious persons.

Other precautions you should take:

* Never leave keys under doormats, flowerpots, mailboxes or other "secret" hiding places -- burglars know where to look for hidden keys.

* Keep a detailed inventory of your valuable possessions, including a description of the items, date of purchase and original value, and serial numbers, and keep a copy in a safe place away from home -- this is a good precaution in case of fires or other disasters. Make a photographic or video record of valuable objects, heirlooms and antiques. Your insurance company can provide assistance in making and keeping your inventory.

* Trim your shrubbery around your home to reduce cover for burglars.

* Be a good neighbor. If you notice anything suspicious in your neighborhood, call 9 1 1 immediately.

* Mark your valuables with your driver's license number with an engraver you can borrow from your precinct. Marked items are harder for a burglar to dispose of and easier for police to recover.

* Form a Neighborhood Watch Group. It can help you work with your neighbors to improve security and reduce risk of burglary.

* Consider installing a burglar alarm system.

The MOST important thing YOU can do is CALL THE POLICE to report a CRIME or any SUSPICIOUS activity. You have to be the eyes of your neighborhood. And remember you can always remain a pair of anonymous eyes!

Remember the three L's of Crime Prevention: LIGHTS, LOCKS & the LAW!

Light up your residence, lock your doors at all times, and call the Law when you see something suspicious
Alarms:

* An alarm system is excellent for home security. It provides peace of mind to homeowners, especially while on vacation. There is a wide variety of alarm systems on the market.

* Make several inquiries to different companies for the best security system available to you.

Asbestos

2009-02-04T13:23:00.001-07:00

What is Asbestos?

Asbestos is a mineral fiber that can be positively identified only with a special type of microscope. There are several types of asbestos fibers. In the past, asbestos was added to a variety of products to strengthen them and to provide heat insulation and fire resistance.

How Can Asbestos Affect My Health?

From studies of people who were exposed to asbestos in factories and shipyards, we know that breathing high levels of asbestos fibers can lead to an increased risk of lung cancer in the forms of mesothelioma, which is a cancer of the lining of the chest and the abdominal cavity, and asbestosis, in which the lungs become scarred with fibrous tissue.

The risk of lung cancer and mesothelioma increase with the number of fibers inhaled. The risk of lung cancer from inhaling asbestos fibers is also greater if you smoke. People who get asbestosis have usually been exposed to high levels of asbestos for a long time. The symptoms of these diseases do not usually appear until about 20 to 30 years after the first exposure to asbestos.

Most people exposed to small amounts of asbestos, as we all are in our daily lives, do not develop these health problems. However, if disturbed, asbestos material may release asbestos fibers, which can be inhaled into the lungs. The fibers can remain there for a long time, increasing the risk of disease. Asbestos material that would crumble easily if handled, or that has been sawed, scraped, or sanded into a powder, is more likely to create a health hazard.

Where Can I Find Asbestos and When Can it Be a Problem?

Most products made today do not contain asbestos. Those few products made which still contain asbestos that could be inhaled are required to be labeled as such. However, until the 1970s, many types of building products and insulation materials used in homes contained asbestos. Common products that might have contained asbestos in the past, and conditions which may release fibers, include:
steam pipes, boilers and furnace ducts insulated with an asbestos blanket or asbestos paper tape. These materials may release asbestos fibers if damaged, repaired, or removed improperly;
resilient floor tiles (vinyl asbestos, asphalt and rubber), the backing on vinyl sheet flooring, and adhesives used for installing floor tile. Sanding tiles can release fibers, and so may scraping or sanding the backing of sheet flooring during removal;
cement sheet, millboard and paper used as insulation around furnaces and wood-burning stoves. Repairing or removing appliances may release asbestos fibers, and so may cutting, tearing, sanding, drilling, or sawing insulation;
door gaskets in furnaces, wood stoves and coal stoves. Worn seals can release asbestos fibers during use;
soundproofing or decorative material sprayed on walls and ceilings. Loose, crumbly or water-damaged material may release fibers, and so will sanding, drilling or scraping the material;
patching and joint compounds for walls and ceilings, and textured paints. Sanding, scraping, or drilling these surfaces may release asbestos fibers;
asbestos cement roofing, shingles and siding. These products are not likely to release asbestos fibers unless sawed, dilled or cut;
artificial ashes and embers sold for use in gas-fired fireplaces, and other older household products, such as fireproof gloves, stove-top pads, ironing board covers and certain hairdryers; and
automobile brake pads and linings, clutch facings and gaskets.
Where Asbestos Hazards May Be Found in the Home
Some roofing and siding shingles are made of asbestos cement.
Houses built between 1930 and 1950 may have asbestos as insulation.
Asbestos may be present in textured paint and in patching compounds used on wall and ceiling joints. Their use was banned in 1977.
Artificial ashes and embers sold for use in gas-fired fireplaces may contain asbestos.
Older products, such as stove-top pads, may have some asbestos compounds.
Walls and floors around wood-burning stoves may be protected with asbestos paper, millboard or cement sheets.
Asbestos is found in some vinyl floor tiles and the backing on vinyl sheet flooring and adhesives.
Hot water and steam pipes in older houses may be coated with an asbestos material or covered with an asbestos blanket or tape.
Oil and coal furnaces and door gaskets may have asbestos insulation.
What Should Be Done About Asbestos in the Home?

If you think asbestos may be in your home, don't panic. Usually, the best thing to do is to leave asbestos material that is in good condition alone. Generally, material in good condition will not release asbestos fibers. There is no danger unless the asbestos is disturbed and fibers are released and then inhaled into the lungs. Check material regularly if you suspect it may contain asbestos. Don't touch it, but look for signs of wear or damage, such as tears, abrasions or water damage. Damaged material may release asbestos fibers. This is particularly true if you often disturb it by hitting, rubbing or handling it, or if it is exposed to extreme vibration or air flow. Sometimes, the best way to deal with slightly damaged material is to limit access to the area and not touch or disturb it. Discard damaged or worn asbestos gloves, stove-top pads and ironing board covers. Check with local health, environmental or other appropriate agencies to find out proper handling and disposal procedures. If asbestos material is more than slightly damaged, or if you are going to make changes in your home that might disturb it, repair or removal by a professional is needed. Before you have your house remodeled, find out whether asbestos materials are present.

How to Identify Materials that Contain Asbestos

You can't tell whether a material contains asbestos simply by looking at it, unless it is labeled. If in doubt, treat the material as if it contains asbestos, or have it sampled and analyzed by a qualified professional. A professional should take samples for analysis, since a professional knows what to look for, and because there may be an increased health risk if fibers are released. In fact, if done incorrectly, sampling can be more hazardous than leaving the material alone. Taking samples yourself is not recommended. If you nevertheless choose to take the samples yourself, take care not to release asbestos fibers into the air or onto yourself. Material that is in good condition and will not be disturbed (by remodeling, for example) should be left alone. Only material that is damaged or will be disturbed should be sampled. Anyone who samples asbestos-containing materials should have as much information as possible on the handling of asbestos before sampling and, at a minimum, should observe the following procedures:
Make sure no one else is in the room when sampling is done.
Wear disposable gloves or wash hands after sampling.
Shut down any heating or cooling systems to minimize the spread of any released fibers.
Do not disturb the material any more than is needed to take a small sample.
Place a plastic sheet on the floor below the area to be sampled.
Wet the material using a fine mist of water containing a few drops of detergent before taking the sample. The water/detergent mist will reduce the release of asbestos fibers.
Carefully cut a piece from the entire depth of the material using a small knife, corer or other sharp object. Place the small piece into a clean container (a 35-mm film canister, small glass or plastic vial, or high-quality resealable plastic bag).
Tightly seal the container after the sample is in it.
Carefully dispose of the plastic sheet. Use a damp paper towel to clean up any material on the outside of the container or around the area sampled. Dispose of asbestos materials according to state and local procedures.
Label the container with an identification number and clearly state when and where the sample was taken.
Patch the sampled area with the smallest possible piece of duct tape to prevent fiber release.
Send the sample to an asbestos analysis laboratory accredited by the National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program (NVLAP) at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Your state or local health department may also be able to help.

How to Manage an Asbestos Problem

If the asbestos material is in good shape and will not be disturbed, do nothing! If it is a problem, there are two types of corrections: repair and removal. Repair usually involves either sealing or covering asbestos material. Sealing (encapsulation) involves treating the material with a sealant that either binds the asbestos fibers together or coats the material so that fibers are not released. Pipe, furnace and boiler insulation can sometimes be repaired this way. This should be done only by a professional trained to handle asbestos safely. Covering (enclosure) involves placing something over or around the material that contains asbestos to prevent the release of fibers. Exposed insulated piping may be covered with a protective wrap or jacket. With any type of repair, the asbestos remains in place. Repair is usually cheaper than removal, but it may make removal of asbestos later (if found to be necessary) more difficult and costly. Repairs can either be major or minor. Major repairs must be done only by a professional trained in methods for safely handling asbestos. Minor repairs should also be done by professionals, since there is always a risk of exposure to fibers when asbestos is disturbed.

Repairs

Doing minor repairs yourself is not recommended, since improper handling of asbestos materials can create a hazard where none existed. If you nevertheless choose to do minor repairs, you should have as much information as possible on the handling of asbestos before doing anything. Contact your state or local health department or regional EPA office for information about asbestos training programs in your area. Your local school district may also have information about asbestos professionals and training programs for school buildings. Even if you have completed a training program, do not try anything more than minor repairs. Before undertaking minor repairs, carefully examine the area around the damage to make sure it is stable. As a general rule, any damaged area which is bigger than the size of your hand is not considered a minor repair.

Before undertaking minor repairs, be sure to follow all the precautions described previously for sampling asbestos material. Always wet the asbestos material using a fine mist of water containing a few drops of detergent. Commercial products designed to fill holes and seal damaged areas are available. Small areas of material, such as pipe insulation, can be covered by wrapping a special fabric, such as re-wettable glass cloth, around it. These products are available from stores (listed in the telephone directory under "Safety Equipment and Clothing") which specialize in asbestos materials and safety items.

Removal is usually the most expensive method and, unless required by state or local regulations, should be the last option considered in most situations. This is because removal poses the greatest risk of fiber release. However, removal may be required when remodeling or making major changes to your home that will disturb asbestos material. Also, removal may be called for if asbestos material is damaged extensively and cannot be otherwise repaired. Removal is complex and must be done only by a contractor with special training. Improper removal may actually increase the health risks to you and your family.

Asbestos Professionals: Who Are They and What Can They Do?

Asbestos professionals are trained in handling asbestos material. The type of professional will depend on the type of product and what needs to be done to correct the problem. You may hire a general asbestos contractor or, in some cases, a professional trained to handle specific products containing asbestos.

Asbestos professionals can conduct home inspections, take samples of suspected material, assess its condition, and advise on the corrections that are needed, as well as who is qualified to make these corrections. Once again, material in good condition need not be sampled unless it is likely to be disturbed. Professional correction or abatement contractors repair and remove asbestos materials.

Some firms offer combinations of testing, assessment and correction. A professional hired to assess the need for corrective action should not be connected with an asbestos-correction firm. It is better to use two different firms so that there is no conflict of interest. Services vary from one area to another around the country.

The federal government offers training courses for asbestos professionals around the country. Some state and local governments also offer or require training or certification courses. Ask asbestos professionals to document their completion of federal or state-approved training. Each person performing work in your home should provide proof of training and licensing in asbestos work, such as completion of EPA-approved training. State and local health departments or EPA regional offices may have listings of licensed professionals in your area.

If you have a problem that requires the services of asbestos professionals, check their credentials carefully. Hire professionals who are trained, experienced, reputable and accredited -- especially if accreditation is required by state or local laws. Before hiring a professional, ask for references from previous clients. Find out if they were satisfied. Ask whether the professional has handled similar situations. Get cost estimates from several professionals, as the charges for these services can vary.

Though private homes are usually not covered by the asbestos regulations that apply to schools and public buildings, professionals should still use procedures described in federal or state-approved training. Homeowners should be alert to the chance of misleading claims by asbestos consultants and contractors. There have been reports of firms incorrectly claiming that asbestos materials in homes must be replaced. In other cases, firms have encouraged unnecessary removal or performed it improperly. Unnecessary removal is a waste of money. Improper removal may actually increase the health risks to you and your family. To guard against this, know what services are available and what procedures and precautions are needed to do the job properly.

In addition to general asbestos contractors, you may select a roofing, flooring or plumbing contractor trained to handle asbestos when it is necessary to remove and replace roofing, flooring, siding or asbestos-cement pipe that is part of a water system. Normally, roofing and flooring contractors are exempt from state and local licensing requirements because they do not perform any other asbestos-correction work.

Asbestos-containing automobile brake pads and linings, clutch facings and gaskets should be repaired and replaced only by a professional using special protective equipment. Many of these products are now available without asbestos.

If you hire an InterNACHI inspector who is trained in asbestos inspection:
Make sure that the inspection will include a complete visual examination, and the careful collection and lab analysis of samples. If asbestos is present, the inspector should provide a written evaluation describing its location and extent of damage, and give recommendations for correction or prevention.
Make sure an inspecting firm makes frequent site visits if it is hired to assure that a contractor follows proper procedures and requirements. The inspector may recommend and perform checks after the correction to assure that the area has been properly cleaned.
If you hire a corrective-action contractor:
Check with your local air pollution control board, the local agency responsible for worker safety, and the Better Business Bureau. Ask if the firm has had any safety violations. Find out if there are legal actions filed against it.
Insist that the contractor use the proper equipment to do the job. The workers must wear approved respirators, gloves and other protective clothing.
Before work begins, get a written contract specifying the work plan, cleanup, and the applicable federal, state and local regulations which the contractor must follow (such as notification requirements and asbestos disposal procedures). Contact your state and local health departments, EPA regional office, and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration's regional office to find out what the regulations are. Be sure the contractor follows local asbestos removal and disposal laws. At the end of the job, get written assurance from the contractor that all procedures have been followed.
Assure that the contractor avoids spreading or tracking asbestos dust into other areas of your home. They should seal off the work area from the rest of the house using plastic sheeting and duct tape, and also turn off the heating and air conditioning system. For some repairs, such as pipe insulation removal, plastic bags may be adequate. They must be sealed with tape and properly disposed of when the job is complete.
Make sure the work site is clearly marked as a hazardous area. Do not allow household members or pets into the area until work is completed.
Insist that the contractor apply a wetting agent to the asbestos material with a hand sprayer that creates a fine mist before removal. Wet fibers do not float in the air as easily as dry fibers and will be easier to clean up.
Make sure the contractor does not break removed material into smaller pieces. This could release asbestos fibers into the air. Pipe insulation was usually installed in pre-formed blocks and should be removed in complete pieces.
Upon completion, assure that the contractor cleans the area well with wet mops, wet rags, sponges and/or HEPA (high-efficiency particulate air) vacuum cleaners. A regular vacuum cleaner must never be used. Wetting helps reduce the chance of spreading asbestos fibers in the air. All asbestos materials and disposable equipment and clothing used in the job must be placed in sealed, leakproof, and labeled plastic bags. The work site should be visually free of dust and debris. Air monitoring (to make sure there is no increase of asbestos fibers in the air) may be necessary to assure that the contractor's job is done properly. This should be done by someone not connected with the contractor.

Caution!

Do not dust, sweep or vacuum debris that may contain asbestos. These actions will disturb tiny asbestos fibers and may release them into the air. Remove dust by wet-mopping or with a special HEPA vacuum cleaner used by trained asbestos contractors.

Mid Winter Checklist

2009-01-01T00:05:00.001-07:00

In the darkest part of the year, it´s tempting to try hibernating through the next couple months. If you can get a plan in place now though, you can get a jump on spring. The following home maintenance checklist provides a "to do" list for January, a list of seasonal sales, and a small kit to organize those items that you always seem to have to rummage for when decorating for Christmas next year.

After the work and mania that accompanies the holiday season, January provides an opportunity to regroup and reorganize.

-Do end of the year accounting. Set up file folder for current year´s taxes. Organize receipts and paperwork.

-Take down, clean, and store ornaments, decorations, and exterior lights. Recycle or store tree.

-De-clutter Christmas stuff. Give away or toss old, broken, or unused ornaments, decorations, lights, and those very sad ribbons.

-De-clutter a closet. Pick just one. Empty it. Sort by things to save, donate or sell, toss. Take the garbage out and set donations aside the same day. Clean the closet thoroughly. Of the stuff to save, put everthing that belongs somewhere else where it belongs. Organize the stuff that belongs in that closet and put it back. Pat yourself on the back and go have some fun. (If you have lots to declutter, pace yourself otherwise you´ll never be able to finish. Some experts suggest making decluttering appointments with yourself and making it a priority.)

-Replace drawer liners and shelf papers.

-Wander the house with a screwdriver and make a list of minor household repairs that can be done in a weekend. Tighten screws on drawers, doors, and furniture. Make a list of broken electrical face plates, missing pulls or knobs, locks that need lubrication, and spots that need caulking around sinks and tubs. Go to the home improvement store and buy everything you need to make all of your little repairs at once.

-Call the utility company to do an energy audit. By now you´ll have recieved your first big winter heating bill, and unless you live in Phoenix, you may be motivated to see how you can improve your home´s energy efficiency. While you´re at it, ask the utility if they can also test for radon gas—especially important if you don´t know if it´s ever been done.

-Plan annuals if you intend to start plants from seed. Start shopping for seeds and seed starting mix at the end of January. Use 1/2 gallon milk or orange juice containers cut down their length and stapled at the ends for starting trays.